Retrospective Study: The Effect of the CALLY Index on Neurological Prognosis in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department with Head Trauma

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Emergency Medicine, Esenyurt Necmi Kadıoğlu State Hospital, Esenyurt, Istanbul, Türkiye

10.21608/mjmr.2025.386632.1966

Abstract

Objective: The main objective of this research is to determine the relationship between the CALLY 
Index and neurological outcomes in patients with head trauma who are admitted to the emergency 
department. The study aims to determine whether the CALLY Index offers any additional prognostic 
value over the Glasgow Coma Scale and routine biochemical markers and if it can be used to predict the 
risks of morbidity and mortality in this patient population. Methods: This retrospective observational 
study was conducted on adult patients admitted to the emergency department with head trauma. 
Demographic characteristics, clinical findings, and laboratory parameters were reviewed. The CALLY 
Index was calculated for each patient. The primary outcome was the correlation between the CALLY 
Index and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, as well as short-term neurological outcomes. Patients 
were grouped based on their neurological status and outcomes, and statistical analyses were conducted 
to evaluate the predictive power of the CALLY Index. Results: A total of 246 patients were included in 
the study. A statistically significant correlation was found between lower CALLY Index values and 
poorer neurological outcomes (p < 0.05). Patients with low CALLY Index scores had significantly lower 
GCS scores and higher rates of ICU admission and mortality. The index showed moderate sensitivity 
and specificity in predicting unfavorable outcomes. Conclusion: The CALLY Index may serve as a 
useful and easily obtainable biomarker for predicting neurological prognosis in head trauma patients in 
emergency settings. Incorporating it into early assessment protocols may aid in risk stratification and 
clinical decision-making. 

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