Vitamin b12 deficiency in metformin and non-metformin diabetics and relation to renal functions

Background: Individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus frequently suffer from signs of vitamin B12 insufficiency. (T2D). Objectives: To study occurrence of Vitamin B12 shortage in metformin utilizers.

Patients and methods: This observational prospective investigation was participated in through the Department's ambulatory clinic. of Internal Medicine at Minia University hospital between August 2022 to November 2023 and included 100 patients with type 2 DM divided into two collections metformin (70 patients) & non-metformin users (30 patients as a control group). The metformin group was divided into sub groups according to GFR into three groups. First group (30 patients) with GFR more than 90 ml/min/1.73m. Second collection (20 individuals) with GFR 60-90ml/min/1.73m. Third group (20 patients) with GFR 45-60 ml/min/1.73m. Results: There are statistically significant difference between different types of MUI regarding vitamin B12 level (p value<0.05). As when MUI=0, the majority of cases (66.7%) had normal vitamin B12 while the reverse is true when MUI>15, the majority of cases (90%) had deficient vitamin B12. The maximum & minimum incidence rates of VIT B12 deficiency was among MUI>15 & MUI <5 respectively (90% & 4%). There is statistically significant variance amongst the different categories of GFR regarding vitamin B12 (p value<0.05). As in normal GFR level of Vit B12 was higher (298) than when GFR = (60-90) OR when GFR <60. Conclusion: We can conclude that vit B12 deficiency in metformin elderly utilizers have risk to renal disease.