Echocardiographic and Radiologic Assessment in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Mahmoud, Nagwa Mohamed Sabry; Abdelmaboud, Mohamed; Osman, Nasr Mohammed Mohamed; Mahmoud, Khaled Sayed; Setouhi, Amr; Mahmood, Nashwa Salem; Abdelfadeel, Ashraf Mohamed

doi:10.21608/mjmr.2025.393775.1986

Echocardiographic and Radiologic Assessment in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ • Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt

² Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt

³ Radiology department, faculty of medicine,Minia University, Egypt

⁴ cardiology department ,faculty of medicicne,Minia university ,Egypt

⁵ Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Egypt

⁶ Pediatric Department, Bani Mazar General Hospital, Minya, Egypt

10.21608/mjmr.2025.393775.1986

Abstract

Background

Children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are at increased risk of subclinical cardiac dysfunction due to chronic hyperglycemia and related metabolic disturbances. Early detection of these changes through echocardiographic evaluation is critical for preventing progression to overt diabetic cardiomyopathy. Objective :This observational study aimed to assess echocardiographic parameters indicative of subclinical cardiac dysfunction in pediatric patients with T1DM. Methods:A total of 30 children with T1DM were enrolled in this observational study. Comprehensive echocardiographic evaluations included tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) for right ventricular function, e/e ratio for diastolic function, and assessment of valvular abnormalities. Results: Children with T1DM exhibited subtle yet significant signs of cardiac dysfunction. Elevated TAPSE values (2.22 ± 0.13 cm) were indicative of compensatory right ventricular systolic activity, while reduced e/e ratios (2.26 ± 0.05) suggested early diastolic dysfunction. Valvular abnormalities, predominantly mild mitral and tricuspid regurgitation, were observed in 26.7% of participants. Conclusion :This study highlights the presence of early subclinical cardiac dysfunction in children with T1DM, characterized by alterations in systolic and diastolic function as well as valvular abnormalities. Echocardiography proves to be a valuable tool for detecting these changes, emphasizing the need for routine cardiac assessment in pediatric T1DM patients to guide timely interventions and mitigate long-term cardiovascular risks.

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