Safety and Efficacy of Retrograde Intrarenal Renal Surgery in Treatment of Renal Pelvic Stones less than 2 cm

Tolba, Amr Kamal Rabea; Abdelraheim, Mamdouh Abdelhamid; Hussein, Al Ayman Hussein Fathy; Abd-elgawad, Ahmed Hakim

doi:10.21608/mjmr.2025.380235.1947

Safety and Efficacy of Retrograde Intrarenal Renal Surgery in Treatment of Renal Pelvic Stones less than 2 cm

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt

² Urology department, faculty of medicine, El minia, Egypt

³ Urology department faculty of medicine minia university Minia Egypt

10.21608/mjmr.2025.380235.1947

Abstract

Background: Retrograde intra renal surgery (RIRS) is included among the first line treatments for kidney stones between 1 and 2 cm but could be proposed as a viable alternative therapy to percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for stones larger than 2 cm in special groups of high-risk patients such as those with bleeding disorders, obesity, renal congenital abnormalities, or solitary kidneys. The aim of this work was to compare the safety and efficacy of RIRS in treatment of renal pelvic stones less than 2 cm.

Methods: This single arm interventional study was conducted on 25patients aged >18 years old, both sexes, with less than 2cm renal stones. All patients were subjected to Pelvi abdominal ultrasound, plain kidneys, ureters and bladder (KUB)X-ray, computerized tomography (CT) scan of KUB and intravenous urogram (IVU).

Results: Regarding post-operative data, the mean value of hemoglobin drop was 0.68±0.27gm/dl, hospital stay was 1.52±0.58. Regarding post-operative stent,25(100%) patients had DJ fixation. Regarding stone free rate, 21(84.0%) patients had no residual stones, and 4(16.0%)patients had residual stones who need auxiliary treatment with percentage of 16.0%Regarding postoperative complications, 20 patients had no complication (80%), and 5 patients had complications with percentage of (20%)which distributed as follow (3 cases had fever with percentage of 12%,1 case needed blood transfusion (4%) and 1 case had UTI with percentage of 4%).

Conclusions: In the treatment of renal stones, RIRS is effective and safe for the management of renal stones. RIRS offers advantages such as reduced radiation exposure, shorter hospitalization, and suitability for high-risk patients.

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