Clinical characteristics of Egyptian adult patients with Behçet&#039;s disease

Saleh, Hanan M.; Mahmoud, Jehan A.; Abdallah, Mohamed I.; Zaki, Zaki M.; Ghaleb, Rasha M.

doi:10.21608/mjmr.2025.342710.1841

Clinical characteristics of Egyptian adult patients with Behçet's disease

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

¹ Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Minia University, Minia, Egypt

² Ophthalmology Department, Minia University, Minia, Egypt

³ Clinical Pathology Department, Minia University, Minia, Egypt

10.21608/mjmr.2025.342710.1841

Abstract

Background: Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystem inflammatory disorder that is categorized as a vasculopathy. Although its exact etiology is unknown, environmental, genetic, and autoimmune variables all play a role. As there is no definitive diagnostic test for BD, diagnosis is challenging in many cases, therefore focusing on patient's clinical characteristics is crucial for BD diagnosis.

Objectives: This study set out to clarify the clinical manifestations that arise in adult BD patients in Egypt.

Patients and methods: Sixty patients who completed the diagnostic International Criteria for Behçet's Disease (ICBD) were comprised in the present research. All patients were recruited between January 2023 and November 2023 from Minia University Hospital's Ophthalmology outpatient clinic or Rheumatology and Rehabilitation outpatient clinic and department. Demographical, clinical manifestations and laboratory data of patients were noted.

Results: Among the 60 BD patients who underwent study, there were 36 males (60%) and 24 females (40%) with male to female ratio of 1.5:1. The mean age of our BD patients was 37.1 ± 5.59 years spanning from 28-52 years, the mean age of disease onset was 31.31 ± 6.07 years ranging between 19-44 years and their mean disease duration was 5.8 ± 3.99 years spanning between 1-17 years. Oral ulcers (91.7%), genital ulcers (73.3%), and ocular affection (70%) were the commonest manifestations in our BD patients.

Conclusions: In Egypt, men are affected more than women, with 1.5:1 ratio. Oral ulcers, genital ulcers and ocular affection were the commonest manifestations being reported in 91.7%, 73.3%, and 70% respectively.

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